In Islamic theology, miracles of Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him), known as mu’jizat, serve as divine authentications of his prophethood. These extraordinary events, performed by Allah’s permission, provided tangible proof for those witnessing them and continue to strengthen the faith of believers throughout history. While the Quran as miracle of Prophet Muhammad remains his eternal and greatest miracle—a literary, spiritual, and scientific marvel unmatched in human history—the Prophet (peace be upon him) was also granted numerous physical miracles that demonstrated Allah’s power and support. These miracles, documented in authentic Sahih Hadith on miracles of Muhammad collections like Sahih al-Bukhari and Sahih Muslim, were never performed for spectacle but rather as responses to specific needs or challenges, always leading people toward recognition of divine truth. From the stunning splitting of the moon Prophet Muhammad displayed to skeptics in Mecca to the intimate tree weeping for Prophet Muhammad that expressed creation’s connection to the Messenger of Allah, each miracle carries profound spiritual lessons. This article explores these miraculous events not merely as historical occurrences but as enduring signs that continue to inspire Muslim belief and practice, confirming Muhammad’s (peace be upon him) role as the final messenger in a long line of prophets sent to guide humanity.

Major Miracles of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH)

🌙 The Splitting of the Moon: A Stunning Celestial Sign

One of the most dramatic physical miracles of Prophet Muhammad occurred when the Meccan pagans challenged him to prove his prophethood. In response to their demand for a sign, the Prophet (peace be upon him) raised his hands and supplicated to Allah, whereupon the moon split into two distinct halves that were visible to the entire community. This incredible event, mentioned in the Quran (54:1-2) and authenticated in Sahih Hadith on miracles of Muhammad (Sahih al-Bukhari 3636, 3637), served as a powerful testimony to his truthfulness. The Quran recalls: “The Hour has come near, and the moon has split [in two]. And if they see a miracle, they turn away and say, ‘Passing magic'” (Quran 54:1-2). Despite the miracle’s clarity, the disbelievers dismissed it as mere magic, demonstrating that even the most compelling signs are insufficient for those determined to reject truth. The splitting of the moon Prophet Muhammad performed remains not only a historical event but a continuing reminder of the Prophet’s authenticated status and the certainty of the Day of Judgment.

🚀 The Isra and Miraj: A Journey Beyond Space and Time

The Isra and Miraj miracle represents perhaps the most extraordinary spiritual and physical journey in human history. In a single night, the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) was transported from Mecca to Jerusalem (Isra) and then through the heavens (Miraj), where he met previous prophets, witnessed divine signs, and ultimately stood in the direct presence of Allah. The Quran references this event: “Exalted is He who took His Servant by night from al-Masjid al-Haram to al-Masjid al-Aqsa, whose surroundings We have blessed, to show him of Our signs” (17:1). According to Sahih al-Bukhari (3887), the Prophet (peace be upon him) described in detail his journey on the heavenly steed Buraq, his leadership of all prophets in prayer at Jerusalem, his ascension through the seven heavens, and his reception of the commandment of the five daily prayers. This Isra and Miraj miracle served multiple purposes: it comforted the Prophet during a period of intense difficulty following the loss of his beloved wife Khadijah and uncle Abu Talib, established Jerusalem’s significance in Islam, and confirmed the spiritual connection between all divine revelations. The journey also established the five daily prayers as a pillar of Islam, demonstrating the intimate connection between spiritual experience and daily practice in the Islamic faith.

🌳 The Weeping Tree Trunk: Creation’s Love for the Prophet

Among the most touching miracles of Prophet Muhammad is the account of the date-palm trunk that wept when the Prophet stopped leaning on it during sermons. Before the minbar (pulpit) was built, the Prophet (peace be upon him) would lean against a tree trunk while delivering khutbahs (sermons). When a proper pulpit was constructed and he abandoned the trunk, the tree emitted sounds of crying that were heard by everyone present. The Prophet (peace be upon him) then descended from the pulpit and comforted the tree until its cries subsided. This event, documented in multiple authentic narrations including Sahih al-Bukhari (3584, 918) and Sahih Muslim (2373), demonstrates how Allah endowed creation with consciousness and the capacity to love His final messenger. The tree weeping for Prophet Muhammad is not merely a historical anecdote but a profound lesson about the sentience of creation and the deep connection between the Prophet and all existence. It serves as a reminder to Muslims of the importance of loving the Prophet and recognizing his unique status among creation.

💧 Water Flowing From Fingers: A Manifestation of Divine Abundance

On multiple occasions during journeys and military expeditions, the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) and his companions faced severe water shortages. In what constitutes one of the most frequently repeated physical miracles of Prophet Muhammad, water would miraculously flow from between his fingers when he placed them in a container, providing abundant water for entire armies. One notable incident during the Battle of Tabuk saw him produce enough water for an entire army of 1,500 companions from a small water skin. Another account in Sahih al-Bukhari (3576) and Sahih Muslim (1729) describes how during the Treaty of Hudaybiyah, the Prophet placed his hand in a small vessel, causing water to gush forth from his fingers, enabling all present to drink and perform ablution. The companion Jabir ibn Abdullah reported: “I saw the water gushing out from between his fingers. So we drank and performed ablution.” When asked how many they were, he responded: “Even if we had been one hundred thousand, it would have been sufficient for us, but we were fifteen hundred.” This water flowing from fingers Prophet Muhammad miracle demonstrates Allah’s ability to provide abundance from the most limited resources and symbolizes the spiritual abundance that the Prophet brought to humanity.

🍞 Multiplication of Food: Divine Nourishment for the Faithful

The food multiplication miracle Prophet Muhammad performed on several occasions represents Allah’s provision for those who trust in Him. In one account documented in Sahih al-Bukhari (3578) and Sahih Muslim (2040), the Prophet fed an entire gathering of companions from a small quantity of food. During the wedding feast of Zaynab bint Jahsh, the Prophet (peace be upon him) instructed that a single bowl of bread and meat be served to the guests. Despite the limited quantity, approximately 300 companions ate until they were fully satisfied, and the food remained undiminished. Another account describes how Abu Talhah and his wife Umm Sulaim hosted the Prophet with only a small amount of bread and oil, yet the Prophet’s blessing enabled them to feed numerous guests. These miracles parallel similar miracles performed by previous prophets like Jesus (peace be upon him) but with distinctive characteristics that emphasize the Prophet Muhammad’s message of practicality and community. The food multiplication miracle Prophet Muhammad manifested represents not only Allah’s power over material limitations but also the spiritual abundance that comes from generosity and sharing, however limited one’s resources might appear.

🔊 Stones and Pebbles Glorifying Allah: Creation’s Testimony to Divine Unity

Among the remarkable physical miracles of Prophet Muhammad were instances where inanimate objects expressed consciousness and devotion to Allah. Several authentic narrations, including Sahih al-Bukhari (3579), document that stones and pebbles would glorify Allah in the Prophet’s hand. His companion Ali ibn Abi Talib reported: “We were with the Prophet in Mecca when he went to some of its areas. No stone or tree he passed by but would say, ‘Peace be upon you, Messenger of Allah.'” These phenomena occurred frequently throughout his prophethood, beginning with the stones in Mecca greeting him even before his commission as a prophet. Such miracles served as early signs of his special status and provided comfort during periods of difficulty and rejection. The stones and pebbles glorifying Allah represent the inherent submission of all creation to its Creator and testify to the truth of the Prophet’s message. They remind believers that the entire universe is engaged in the remembrance of Allah, and that recognition of the Prophet’s truthfulness is embedded in the very fabric of creation.

☔ Answered Supplications: Immediate Response to the Prophet’s Prayers

The Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) maintained such a close connection with Allah that his supplications received immediate response, constituting another category of miracles of Prophet Muhammad. Numerous accounts in Sahih collections document how his prayers brought rain during drought, healed the sick, and provided protection. During one severe drought in Medina, a companion requested the Prophet to pray for rain. He raised his hands in supplication, and within moments clouds gathered and rain began to fall so abundantly that it continued for a week until the people requested him to pray for its cessation (Sahih al-Bukhari 1013). Another account describes how he cured Ali ibn Abi Talib’s eye infection during the Battle of Khaybar by passing his hand over it, immediately restoring its health. These answered supplications demonstrate the power of sincere prayer and Allah’s special care for those who serve Him. They establish the Prophet as the perfect model for Muslims in turning to Allah in every need and trusting in His response.

📖 The Quran: The Eternal Linguistic and Spiritual Miracle

While all the miracles of Prophet Muhammad provide compelling evidence of his prophethood, the Quran as miracle of Prophet Muhammad stands unique and unparalleled. Unlike the physical miracles witnessed by his contemporaries, the Quran remains accessible to all people across time and space, containing multidimensional miraculous aspects that continue to reveal themselves through advancing human knowledge. The Quran itself issues an eternal challenge to humanity: “If mankind and the jinn gathered to produce the like of this Quran, they could not produce its like, even if they helped one another” (17:88). Its linguistic excellence stunned the most eloquent Arabic poets of seventh-century Arabia; its prophecies have been fulfilled with precision; its scientific insights correspond with modern discoveries despite originating in an era of scientific ignorance; and its psychological, social, and spiritual teachings continue to transform individuals and societies. The Prophet (peace be upon him) identified this as his primary miracle, stating in Sahih al-Bukhari (4987): “There was no prophet among the prophets but was given miracles because of which people believed, but what I have been given is the Divine Inspiration which Allah has revealed to me, so I hope that my followers will be more than those of any other prophet on the Day of Resurrection.” The Quran’s preservation in its original language and form, without alteration across fourteen centuries, constitutes itself a miracle that validates the truth of Islam.

Table: Major Miracles of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) and Their Authentic References

Authenticity and Significance of the Miracles

The miracles of Prophet Muhammad are preserved through rigorously authenticated chains of narration (isnad) that form the foundation of Hadith scholarship. Scholars of Hadith developed sophisticated methodologies to verify each report, examining the character, memory, precision, and connectivity between narrators in the chain. The strongest category of Hadith—Sahih (authentic)—includes only those narrations with continuous chains of reliable narrators free from irregularities. Collections like Sahih al-Bukhari and Sahih Muslim are recognized by Muslim scholars as the most authentic books after the Quran, having met exceptionally stringent criteria for acceptance. The Sahih Hadith on miracles of Muhammad thus provide compelling historical evidence for these extraordinary events, witnessed and transmitted by numerous companions whose integrity and accuracy have been thoroughly vetted.

These miracles serve as proofs of prophethood Muhammad brought forth, fulfilling the pattern established by previous prophets who were granted divine signs to authenticate their missions. However, Islamic theology emphasizes that miracles occur only by Allah’s permission and power, not through any inherent ability of the prophets themselves. This distinguishes miracles from magic or supernatural powers, positioning them instead as deliberate divine interventions to support truth and guide humanity. The Quran notes that while previous communities demanded spectacular signs from their prophets, the ultimate miracle for Muhammad (peace be upon him) is the Quran itself—a perpetual intellectual, spiritual, and linguistic marvel that continues to challenge humanity .

The physical mu’jizat Nabi Muhammad were never performed as mere spectacle but addressed specific needs: providing water to thirsty companions, feeding the hungry, comforting the faithful, or responding to skeptical challengers. Their occurrence never compelled belief—as demonstrated by the Meccans’ dismissal of the moon splitting—but rather provided sufficient evidence for those sincerely seeking truth. This balance reflects Islam’s emphasis on free will and rational consideration rather than coerced belief through overwhelming miracles. The Quran repeatedly invites people to reflect, ponder, and use their intellect in recognizing truth, with miracles serving as supportive evidence rather than substitutes for reasoned faith.

Conclusion: The Enduring Impact of the Prophet’s Miracles

The miracles of Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) continue to inspire and strengthen Muslim belief fourteen centuries after they occurred. They are not merely historical anecdotes but living signs that reinforce the truth of Islam and the exceptional status of its final messenger. From the spectacular splitting of the moon Prophet Muhammad displayed to skeptics to the intimate tree weeping for Prophet Muhammad, these events demonstrate Allah’s power over all creation and His support for those who convey His message. The water flowing from fingers Prophet Muhammad produced and the food multiplication miracle Prophet Muhammad performed provide timeless lessons about divine abundance and the importance of trusting in Allah’s provision. Above all, the Quran as miracle of Prophet Muhammad remains the eternal, unchanging miracle that continues to challenge humanity intellectually and spiritually while guiding those who seek truth.

For contemporary Muslims, reflecting on these mu’jizat Nabi Muhammad strengthens faith, deepens love for the Prophet, and reinforces recognition of Allah’s unlimited power. They serve as reminders that the same God who split the moon and caused water to flow from fingers remains capable of overcoming any challenge faced by the Muslim community today. By studying the authentic accounts preserved in Sahih Hadith on miracles of Muhammad, believers connect with the prophetic legacy and draw inspiration for their own spiritual lives. We encourage readers to explore these miracles further through the original Hadith sources, particularly Sahih al-Bukhari and Sahih Muslim, to appreciate both the historical evidence and spiritual lessons they contain. May the contemplation of these signs increase our certainty in the truth of Islam and our love for the Final Prophet, Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him).

Bibliography of Cited Sources:

1. Sahih al-Bukhari
2. Sahih Muslim
3. Quran
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